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Research Roundup: May 17, 2021




Best of the Week...

In humans with glioblastomas (the most aggressive brain cancer that usually kills within a year or two), the addition of ~400 mg of CBD per day to their standard treatment almost doubled their survival time

Cannabidiol Μay Prolong Survival in Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme https://www.cancerdiagnosisprognosis.org/wp-content/pdf/2021-2/77.pdf

A study of the antioxidation strength of the major phytocannabinoids finds that when working in combination, they're as strong as Vitamin E

CBG, CBD, Δ9-THC, CBN, CBGA, CBDA and Δ9-THCA as antioxidant agents and their intervention abilities in antioxidant action In human skin cells, CBD protected them from the oxidative stress of hydrogen peroxide via the inflammasome (a great word for the innate immune system that regulates inflammation) Cannabidiol Protects Human Skin Keratinocytes from Hydrogen-Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress via Modulation of the Caspase-1-IL-1β Axis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33955754/


Clinical Studies & Reviews of CBD & the Endocannabinoid System (ECS)

In humans, CBD found to interact with the liver enzyme CYP1A2

A Phase 1 Open-Label, Fixed-Sequence Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Trial to Investigate the Effect of Cannabidiol on the CYP1A2 Probe Caffeine in Healthy Subjects https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33951339/

This review looks at how the ECS interacts with your nitric oxide system in the transmission of pain signals from hot & cold stress

The Endogenous Cannabinoid and the Nitricoxidergic Systems Differently Influence Heat and Cold Stress-Induced Analgesia https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amb-2021-0005 The endocannabinoid system & the nitric oxide system are the only two systems in the brain that cause retrograde transmission (the calming of upstream neurons to tell them to stop firing). It makes sense that they both work together to modulate how we process pain signals.


This review looks at how the ECS helps with the storage of memories with a special focus on the painful memories of PTSD

The role of endocannabinoids in consolidation, retrieval, reconsolidation, and extinction of fear memory https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33954935/

In this review about protecting the microglia (the immune cells of the brain), they have a strong section on CBD

Microglia Specific Drug Targeting Using Natural Products for the Regulation of Redox Imbalance in Neurodegeneration https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33927630/



Preclinical Research & Cannabinoid Chemistry

In a rat model of obesity, chronic CBD reduced oxidative stress, lowered inflammation & improved the ratio of fatty acids in the skeletal muscle

Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response by Chronic Cannabidiol Administration Is Associated with Improved n-6/n-3 PUFA Ratio in the White and Red Skeletal Muscle in a Rat Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1603

In a mouse model of stroke, lessening the fatty acid-binding proteins (regulators of fatty acids & endocannabinoids) protected the brain from injury

Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins Aggravate Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/5/529/htm

CBG is an antibiotic against the most common bacteria that causes tooth caries (aka cavities)

Anti-Bacterial Properties of Cannabigerol Toward Streptococcus mutans https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33967995/

In rats, the use of morphine increased the number of CB2 in the spinal dorsal horn (one of the 3 columns of the spinal cord)

Morphine Induces Upregulation of Neuronally Expressed CB2 Receptors in the Spinal Dorsal Horn of Rats https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33912678/

A study in rats finds that the endocannabinoid system is involved with the opioid system in the ventral tegmental area (a brain area associated with the reward system, motivation & addiction that mediates the effects of the pleasure of things like learning, drugs & orgasms)

The Effects of Repeated Morphine Treatment on the Endogenous Cannabinoid System in the Ventral Tegmental Area https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33953672/

In rats, a model of cocaine addiction finds that the CB1 receptor in the lateral habenula (a key brain area that affects dopamine, noradrenaline & serotonin across the entire brain) contributes to the control of impulsive behavior

Lateral habenula cannabinoid CB1 receptor involvement in drug-associated impulsive behavior https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33965396/

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