Hormones & Reproductive Systems
Best reviews
2021: The great Dr. Melanie Dreher on her studies around women, children & cannabis
https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2021/08/17/melanie-dreher-women-children-cannabis/
2021: This review of female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery suggests PEA as a treatment
Cannabinoid Therapy in Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery: Current Evidence and Future Directions
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11884-021-00632-5
2021: This review looks at the use of cannabinoids for the treatment of endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain in women
Cannabinoids and chronic pelvic pain in women: Focus on endometriosis
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/22840265211011277
2021: This review suggests CBD as a treatment for endometriosis
Endometriosis – an indication for cannabinoids?
https://www.traditionalmedicines.org/full-text/endometriosis-an-indication-for-cannabinoids
2021: A review of the effects of the cannabinoids on the endocrine system
The effects of cannabis and cannabinoids on the endocrine system
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34460075/
2021: Great review on how the endocannabinoids affect the estrogen system
The Complex Interplay between Endocannabinoid System and the Estrogen System in Central Nervous System and Periphery
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33478092/
2021: This review looks at how the important steroid pregnenolone works via the CB1 receptor
New perspectives on the role of the neurosteroid pregnenolone as an endogenous regulator of type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) activity and function
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jne.13034
2021: This review gathers the evidence on using cannabinoids for the treatment of the female reproductive system
Cannabidiol for the Management of Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34839061/
2020: A survey finds that a majority of women would use cannabis for gynecological conditions
Willingness to Use Cannabis for Gynecological Conditions: A National Survey
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/jwh.2020.8491
2020: A short review of why targeting the ECS may be helpful for polycystic ovary syndrome
Endocannabinoid activation and polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review
2020: A look at how CB1 receptors regulate the hormones of the brain
Remote CB1 receptor antagonist administration reveals multiple sites of tonic and phasic endocannabinoid neuroendocrine regulation
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306453019312909
2019: The ECS as a target for treating endometriosis
The role of the endocannabinoid system in aetiopathogenesis of endometriosis: A potential therapeutic target
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301211519305263
2019: a review of studies on sexuality show that cannabinoids seem to improve female pleasure - but the response may be dose-dependent
Effects of Cannabinoids on Female Sexual Function
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050052119300770?via%3Dihub
2019: A review paper on how CBD and melatonin help to regulate the cytokines (a broad category of small molecules that are important in cellular signaling)
A Review on the neuroendocrine regulation of cytokine secretion: Possible modulation of the cytokine network by the pineal hormone melatonin and cannabidiol
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8a04/06b76a9f446830ffa47e1740b01bd2d2954f.pdf
2018: Sex hormones & PTSD
Modulation of the endocannabinoid system by sex hormones: Implications for posttraumatic stress disorder
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30017748/
2018: Cannabis & its effect on hormones
The effects of cannabinoids on the endocrine system
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30618031
2018: Review of ECS, stress & the HPA axis
Endocannabinoid system, stress and HPA axis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30036537
Timeline of Research
2022: A survey of women with endometriosis finds that the majority report cannabis helpful & many are able to replace other drugs with it
Cannabis use for endometriosis : clinical and legal challenges in Australia and New Zealand
https://researchdirect.westernsydney.edu.au/islandora/object/uws:62139/
2022: This study of women with endometriosis looked at how their endocannabinoid levels were related to their pain & disease state
Association of endocannabinoids with pain in endometriosis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001768/
2022: This survey shows that most women who used cannabis or cannabinoids (THC, CBD, PEA) for gynecologic conditions found that it improved pain
Medical Cannabis for Gynecologic Pain Conditions: A Systematic Review
2022: In mice, the CB1 receptors may be involved with the production of progesterone
Mitochondrial Localization of CB1 in Progesterone-producing Cells of Ovarian Interstitial Glands of Adult Mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34915761/
2021: This survey of women experiencing chronic pelvic pain & fibromyalgia found that CBD helped them to reduce pain medications & improvements in sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue & overall health
Cannabidiol Use, Substitution for Medications, and Perceptions of Effectiveness in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465021008955
2021: In China, the study of an ancient cemetery found the likely earliest physical evidence for medical cannabis being used "for the treatment of metrorrhagia [abnormal bleeding from the uterus], severe lumbago [pain in the lower back], and/or arthralgia [joint pain]"
Archaeobotanical evidence of the use of medicinal cannabis in a secular context unearthed from south China
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33848611/
2021: This survey of women experiencing chronic pelvic pain & fibromyalgia found that CBD helped them to reduce pain medications & improvements in sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue & overall health
Cannabidiol Use, Substitution for Medications, and Perceptions of Effectiveness in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465021008955
2021: In a rat model of estrogen depletion where their ovaries are removed, two weeks of CBD completely reversed the usual memory impairment
Cannabidiol reverses memory impairments and activates components of the Akt/GSK3β pathway in an experimental model of estrogen depletion
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34450240/
2021: In human females, this study looked at the dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system in endometriosis
Implications of dysregulated endogenous cannabinoid family members in the pathophysiology of endometriosis
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2666335X21000707
2021: A retrospective study in humans with endometriosis-associated pelvic pain found medical cannabis helpful for pain & GI symptoms
Effects of cannabis ingestion on endometriosis-associated pelvic pain and related symptoms
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34699540/
2021: In rats, activating the CB2 receptor helped to protect against uterine damage
The Activation of Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor with JWH-133 Protects Uterine Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105141/
2021: In rats with loss of blood flow to their ovaries, activation of the CB2 receptor reduced inflammation & injury
Activation of cannabinoid 2 receptors by JWH-133 protects against ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33840323/
2021: In the smooth muscle cells of the uterus, patients with adenomyosis (where the inner lining of the uterus breaks through the muscle wall) had increased levels of CB1
The cannabinoid receptor CB1 affects the proliferation and apoptosis of adenomyotic human uterine smooth muscle cells of the junctional zone: a mechanism study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33531043/
2021: In women with pelvic pain, this retrospective survey found that the use of cannabis lowered opioid use
Recreational Cannabis Use Before and After Legalization in Women With Pelvic Pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33278297/
2020: This survey finds many patients with chronic pelvis pain find cannabis helpful
Patient-Reported Use of Medical Cannabis for Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain
2020: Cannabis for pelvis pain
Use of Cannabis for Self-Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33252316/
2020: Survey finds that in women, increased cannabis use linked to increased scores on various markers of female sexual satisfaction
Assessment of the Association of Cannabis on Female Sexual Function With the Female Sexual Function Index
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116120300866
2020: In stressed mice, blocking the CB1 receptor increased activation of the HPA hormonal axis
Peripherally restricted cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) antagonist, AM6545, potentiates stress-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation via a non-CB1R mechanism
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33216305/
2020: CBD, melatonin & oxytocin for autism
A Neuroendocrine Therapeutic Approach with the Pineal Hormone Melatonin, Cannabidiol and Oxytocin (MCO regimen) in the Treatment of the Autism Spectrum disorders
2020: In 20 humans, they measured the effects of cannabis on the endocrine system - saw a spike in insulin, lower GLP-1, & higher ghrelin
Effects of oral, smoked, and vaporized cannabis on endocrine pathways related to appetite and metabolism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, human laboratory study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32075958
2020: in human double-blind study, 600 mg of CBD showed help for cortisol levels in those at risk for psychosis
Effects of short-term cannabidiol treatment on response to social stress in subjects at clinical high risk of developing psychosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31915861
2020: In rats, activating the CB2 receptor protected the uterus from damage during a transplantation procedure
The Activation of Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor with JWH-133 Protects Uterine Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105141/
2020: In mice, this study looks at how hormones affect glutamate levels via the ECS
Corticosterone inhibits vagal afferent glutamate release in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract via retrograde endocannabinoid signaling
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/ajpcell.00190.2020
2020: THC for the pain of endometriosis
Disease-modifying effects of natural Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in endometriosis-associated pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31931958/
2019: study of cannabis for endometriosis
Self-Reported Efficacy of Cannabis for Endometriosis Pain
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465019310921
2019: A survey of females found “marijuana appears to improve satisfaction with [female] orgasm” (373 participants)
The Relationship between Marijuana Use Prior to Sex and Sexual Function in Women
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30833225
2019: In human female uterine tissue, the number of CB1 receptors is associated with the severity of menstrual cramps
Expression of Cannabinoid Receptors in Myometrium and its Correlation With Dysmenorrhea in Adenomyosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30832539
2019: In mice, activating CB1 seems to keep open the window for hormone therapy for the treatment of menopause
CB1 agonism prolongs therapeutic window for hormone replacement in ovariectomized mice
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/123689
2018: In rats, boosting ECS tone helps maintain the HPA axis in a basal state & inhibits corticosterone release from the adrenal gland
Pharmacological augmentation of endocannabinoid signaling reduces the neuroendocrine response to stress
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29065362/
1993: In a double-blind human study, oral CBD prevented the typical reduction of cortisol levels in the morning – prolactin and growth hormone levels unchanged
Effect of cannabidiol on plasma prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol in human volunteers
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/825792