top of page
anna-hecker-wqcQ6ODwPxU-unsplash.jpeg

Hormones & Reproductive Systems

Best reviews

2021: The great Dr. Melanie Dreher on her studies around women, children & cannabis

https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2021/08/17/melanie-dreher-women-children-cannabis/

2021: This review of female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery suggests PEA as a treatment

Cannabinoid Therapy in Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery: Current Evidence and Future Directions

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11884-021-00632-5

 

2021: This review looks at the use of cannabinoids for the treatment of endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain in women

Cannabinoids and chronic pelvic pain in women: Focus on endometriosis

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/22840265211011277

2021: This review suggests CBD as a treatment for endometriosis

Endometriosis – an indication for cannabinoids?

https://www.traditionalmedicines.org/full-text/endometriosis-an-indication-for-cannabinoids

2021: A review of the effects of the cannabinoids on the endocrine system

The effects of cannabis and cannabinoids on the endocrine system

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34460075/

2021: Great review on how the endocannabinoids affect the estrogen system

The Complex Interplay between Endocannabinoid System and the Estrogen System in Central Nervous System and Periphery

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33478092/

2021: This review looks at how the important steroid pregnenolone works via the CB1 receptor

New perspectives on the role of the neurosteroid pregnenolone as an endogenous regulator of type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) activity and function

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jne.13034

2021: This review gathers the evidence on using cannabinoids for the treatment of the female reproductive system

Cannabidiol for the Management of Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34839061/

2020: A survey finds that a majority of women would use cannabis for gynecological conditions

Willingness to Use Cannabis for Gynecological Conditions: A National Survey

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/jwh.2020.8491

2020: A short review of why targeting the ECS may be helpful for polycystic ovary syndrome

Endocannabinoid activation and polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review

http://rjptonline.org/HTML_Papers/Research%20Journal%20of%20Pharmacy%20and%20Technology__PID__2020-13-1-87.html

2020: A look at how CB1 receptors regulate the hormones of the brain

Remote CB1 receptor antagonist administration reveals multiple sites of tonic and phasic endocannabinoid neuroendocrine regulation

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306453019312909

2019: The ECS as a target for treating endometriosis

The role of the endocannabinoid system in aetiopathogenesis of endometriosis: A potential therapeutic target

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301211519305263

2019: a review of studies on sexuality show that cannabinoids seem to improve female pleasure - but the response may be dose-dependent

Effects of Cannabinoids on Female Sexual Function

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050052119300770?via%3Dihub

2019: A review paper on how CBD and melatonin help to regulate the cytokines (a broad category of small molecules that are important in cellular signaling)

A Review on the neuroendocrine regulation of cytokine secretion: Possible modulation of the cytokine network by the pineal hormone melatonin and cannabidiol

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8a04/06b76a9f446830ffa47e1740b01bd2d2954f.pdf

2018: Sex hormones & PTSD

Modulation of the endocannabinoid system by sex hormones: Implications for posttraumatic stress disorder

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30017748/

2018: Cannabis & its effect on hormones

The effects of cannabinoids on the endocrine system

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30618031

2018: Review of ECS, stress & the HPA axis

Endocannabinoid system, stress and HPA axis

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30036537

Timeline of Research

 

2022: A survey of women with endometriosis finds that the majority report cannabis helpful & many are able to replace other drugs with it

Cannabis use for endometriosis : clinical and legal challenges in Australia and New Zealand

https://researchdirect.westernsydney.edu.au/islandora/object/uws:62139/

2022: This study of women with endometriosis looked at how their endocannabinoid levels were related to their pain & disease state

Association of endocannabinoids with pain in endometriosis

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001768/

2022: This survey shows that most women who used cannabis or cannabinoids (THC, CBD, PEA) for gynecologic conditions found that it improved pain

Medical Cannabis for Gynecologic Pain Conditions: A Systematic Review

https://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Fulltext/9900/Medical_Cannabis_for_Gynecologic_Pain_Conditions_.362.aspx

2022: In mice, the CB1 receptors may be involved with the production of progesterone

Mitochondrial Localization of CB1 in Progesterone-producing Cells of Ovarian Interstitial Glands of Adult Mice

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34915761/

2021: This survey of women experiencing chronic pelvic pain & fibromyalgia found that CBD helped them to reduce pain medications & improvements in sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue & overall health

Cannabidiol Use, Substitution for Medications, and Perceptions of Effectiveness in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465021008955

 

2021: In China, the study of an ancient cemetery found the likely earliest physical evidence for medical cannabis being used "for the treatment of metrorrhagia [abnormal bleeding from the uterus], severe lumbago [pain in the lower back], and/or arthralgia [joint pain]"

Archaeobotanical evidence of the use of medicinal cannabis in a secular context unearthed from south China

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33848611/

2021: This survey of women experiencing chronic pelvic pain & fibromyalgia found that CBD helped them to reduce pain medications & improvements in sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue & overall health

Cannabidiol Use, Substitution for Medications, and Perceptions of Effectiveness in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465021008955

2021: In a rat model of estrogen depletion where their ovaries are removed, two weeks of CBD completely reversed the usual memory impairment

Cannabidiol reverses memory impairments and activates components of the Akt/GSK3β pathway in an experimental model of estrogen depletion

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34450240/

2021: In human females, this study looked at the dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system in endometriosis

Implications of dysregulated endogenous cannabinoid family members in the pathophysiology of endometriosis

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2666335X21000707

2021: A retrospective study in humans with endometriosis-associated pelvic pain found medical cannabis helpful for pain & GI symptoms

Effects of cannabis ingestion on endometriosis-associated pelvic pain and related symptoms

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34699540/

2021: In rats, activating the CB2 receptor helped to protect against uterine damage

The Activation of Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor with JWH-133 Protects Uterine Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105141/

 

2021: In rats with loss of blood flow to their ovaries, activation of the CB2 receptor reduced inflammation & injury

Activation of cannabinoid 2 receptors by JWH-133 protects against ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33840323/

2021: In the smooth muscle cells of the uterus, patients with adenomyosis (where the inner lining of the uterus breaks through the muscle wall) had increased levels of CB1

The cannabinoid receptor CB1 affects the proliferation and apoptosis of adenomyotic human uterine smooth muscle cells of the junctional zone: a mechanism study

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33531043/

2021: In women with pelvic pain, this retrospective survey found that the use of cannabis lowered opioid use

Recreational Cannabis Use Before and After Legalization in Women With Pelvic Pain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33278297/

2020: This survey finds many patients with chronic pelvis pain find cannabis helpful

Patient-Reported Use of Medical Cannabis for Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain

https://insights.ovid.com/obstetrics-gynecology/obsgy/2020/05/001/patient-reported-use-medical-cannabis-management/293/00006250

2020: Cannabis for pelvis pain

Use of Cannabis for Self-Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33252316/

2020: Survey finds that in women, increased cannabis use linked to increased scores on various markers of female sexual satisfaction

Assessment of the Association of Cannabis on Female Sexual Function With the Female Sexual Function Index

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116120300866

 

2020: In stressed mice, blocking the CB1 receptor increased activation of the HPA hormonal axis 

Peripherally restricted cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) antagonist, AM6545, potentiates stress-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation via a non-CB1R mechanism

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33216305/

2020: CBD, melatonin & oxytocin for autism

A Neuroendocrine Therapeutic Approach with the Pineal Hormone Melatonin, Cannabidiol and Oxytocin (MCO regimen) in the Treatment of the Autism Spectrum disorders

https://maplespub.com/webroot/files/A-Neuroendocrine-Therapeutic-Approach-with-the-Pineal-Hormone-Melatonin-Cannabidiol-and-Oxytocin-MCO-regimen-in-the-Treatment-of-the-AutismSpectrum-disorders_1582215771.pdf

2020: In 20 humans, they measured the effects of cannabis on the endocrine system - saw a spike in insulin, lower GLP-1, & higher ghrelin

Effects of oral, smoked, and vaporized cannabis on endocrine pathways related to appetite and metabolism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, human laboratory study

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32075958

2020: in human double-blind study, 600 mg of CBD showed help for cortisol levels in those at risk for psychosis

Effects of short-term cannabidiol treatment on response to social stress in subjects at clinical high risk of developing psychosis

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31915861

2020: In rats, activating the CB2 receptor protected the uterus from damage during a transplantation procedure

The Activation of Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor with JWH-133 Protects Uterine Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105141/

2020: In mice, this study looks at how hormones affect glutamate levels via the ECS

Corticosterone inhibits vagal afferent glutamate release in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract via retrograde endocannabinoid signaling

https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/ajpcell.00190.2020

2020: THC for the pain of endometriosis

Disease-modifying effects of natural Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in endometriosis-associated pain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31931958/

2019: study of cannabis for endometriosis

Self-Reported Efficacy of Cannabis for Endometriosis Pain

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465019310921

 

2019: A survey of females found “marijuana appears to improve satisfaction with [female] orgasm” (373 participants)

The Relationship between Marijuana Use Prior to Sex and Sexual Function in Women

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30833225

2019: In human female uterine tissue, the number of CB1 receptors is associated with the severity of menstrual cramps

Expression of Cannabinoid Receptors in Myometrium and its Correlation With Dysmenorrhea in Adenomyosis

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30832539

2019: In mice, activating CB1 seems to keep open the window for hormone therapy for the treatment of menopause

CB1 agonism prolongs therapeutic window for hormone replacement in ovariectomized mice

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/123689

2018: In rats, boosting ECS tone helps maintain the HPA axis in a basal state & inhibits corticosterone release from the adrenal gland

Pharmacological augmentation of endocannabinoid signaling reduces the neuroendocrine response to stress

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29065362/

 

1993: In a double-blind human study, oral CBD prevented the typical reduction of cortisol levels in the morning – prolactin and growth hormone levels unchanged

Effect of cannabidiol on plasma prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol in human volunteers

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/825792

bottom of page