Hormones & Reproductive Systems
Best reviews
2023: For endometriosis & its pain, a paper on how we need to start seeing cannabis as a treatment
Cannabis for endometriosis-related pain and symptoms: It's high time that we see this as a legitimate treatment
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36691911/
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2023: For HIV neurocognitive disorder, a review of targeting the endocannabinoid system for the related neuroinflammation & hormonal imbalance
The Endocannabinoid System as a Potential Therapeutic Target for HIV-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36745405/
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2022: A review of targeting the endocannabinoid system for endometriosis
Role of the endocannabinoid system in the pathophysiology of endometriosis and therapeutic implications
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36207747
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2022: A review of substituting cannabis for opioids for gynecological pain
Making a joint decision: Cannabis as a potential substitute for opioids in obstetrics and gynecology
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35970747
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2022: An editorial on using cannabis & cannabinoids for treating the pain of endometriosis
Is it the Ideal Time to Start Prescribing Cannabis Derivatives to Treat Endometriosis-associated Pain?
https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0042-1749430
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2021: In the treatment of fibromyalgia, a review of 10 studies found that cannabis may be beneficial to patients & that no serious adverse events occurred
Safety and Efficacy of Medicinal Cannabis in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33337931
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2021: In fibromyalgia, this review looks at how cannabis can help with pain, sleep & quality of life
Efficacy of cannabinoids in fibromyalgia: a literature review
https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/980
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2021: The great Dr. Melanie Dreher on her studies around women, children & cannabis
https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2021/08/17/melanie-dreher-women-children-cannabis/
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2021: This review of female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery suggests PEA as a treatment
Cannabinoid Therapy in Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery: Current Evidence and Future Directions
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11884-021-00632-5
2021: This review looks at the use of cannabinoids for the treatment of endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain in women
Cannabinoids and chronic pelvic pain in women: Focus on endometriosis
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/22840265211011277
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2021: This review suggests CBD as a treatment for endometriosis
Endometriosis – an indication for cannabinoids?
https://www.traditionalmedicines.org/full-text/endometriosis-an-indication-for-cannabinoids
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2021: A review of the effects of the cannabinoids on the endocrine system
The effects of cannabis and cannabinoids on the endocrine system
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34460075/
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2021: Great review on how the endocannabinoids affect the estrogen system
The Complex Interplay between Endocannabinoid System and the Estrogen System in Central Nervous System and Periphery
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33478092/
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2021: This review looks at how the important steroid pregnenolone works via the CB1 receptor
New perspectives on the role of the neurosteroid pregnenolone as an endogenous regulator of type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) activity and function
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jne.13034
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2021: This review gathers the evidence on using cannabinoids for the treatment of the female reproductive system
Cannabidiol for the Management of Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34839061/
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2020: A survey finds that a majority of women would use cannabis for gynecological conditions
Willingness to Use Cannabis for Gynecological Conditions: A National Survey
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/jwh.2020.8491
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2020: A short review of why targeting the ECS may be helpful for polycystic ovary syndrome
Endocannabinoid activation and polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review
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2020: A look at how CB1 receptors regulate the hormones of the brain
Remote CB1 receptor antagonist administration reveals multiple sites of tonic and phasic endocannabinoid neuroendocrine regulation
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306453019312909
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2019: The ECS as a target for treating endometriosis
The role of the endocannabinoid system in aetiopathogenesis of endometriosis: A potential therapeutic target
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301211519305263
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2019: A review of studies on sexuality show that cannabinoids seem to improve female pleasure - but the response may be dose-dependent
Effects of Cannabinoids on Female Sexual Function
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050052119300770?via%3Dihub
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2019: A review paper on how CBD and melatonin help to regulate the cytokines (a broad category of small molecules that are important in cellular signaling)
A Review on the neuroendocrine regulation of cytokine secretion: Possible modulation of the cytokine network by the pineal hormone melatonin and cannabidiol
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8a04/06b76a9f446830ffa47e1740b01bd2d2954f.pdf
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2018: Sex hormones & PTSD
Modulation of the endocannabinoid system by sex hormones: Implications for posttraumatic stress disorder
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30017748/
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2018: Cannabis & its effect on hormones
The effects of cannabinoids on the endocrine system
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30618031
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2018: Review of ECS, stress & the HPA axis
Endocannabinoid system, stress and HPA axis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30036537
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Timeline of Research
2023: In a rat model of endometriosis, CBD caused significant anti-inflammatory & antioxidative effects
Cannabidiol as a potential novel treatment for endometriosis by its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-angiogenic effects in an experimental rat model
https://www.rbmojournal.com/article/S1472-6483(23)00056-1/fulltext
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2022: A study of how endometriosis patients are interested & what are their barriers to use
“A glimmer of hope” - Perceptions, barriers, and drivers for medicinal cannabis use amongst Australian and New Zealand people with endometriosis: A qualitative study
https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2140485/v1/04f41d14-0d17-4112-b91c-036f23f3564c.pdf
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2022: In a mouse model of post-menopause, CBD lessened intestinal inflammation via the hormone estradiol
Cannabidiol Decreases Intestinal Inflammation in the Ovariectomized Murine Model of Postmenopause
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36672582
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2022: In a mouse model of anxiety, the ability of CBD to lower anxiety seemed to have gender differences based on the hormone cycle of the females
Sex-dependent differences in the anxiolytic-like effect of cannabidiol in the elevated plus-maze
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36239039
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2022: In a model of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (an exaggerated response to excess hormones), CBD decreased the weight of the ovaries as well as down regulated genes that enhanced the syndrome (VEGF)
Treatment of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in a Mouse Model by Cannabidiol, an Angiogenesis Pathway Inhibitor
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36588534/
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2022: Among women with endometriosis, cannabis consumption for symptom relief during the pandemic was common
Endometriosis and Cannabis Consumption During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An International Cross-Sectional Survey
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35089093
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2022: A survey of women’s cannabis use around menopause reported that many found it helpful for sleep & anxiety
A survey of medical cannabis use during perimenopause and postmenopause
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35917529
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2022: In a mouse model of fibromyalgia, cannabis oil with low THC levels helped with pain & touch sensitivities as well as lessening depressive behaviors
Broad-spectrum cannabis oil ameliorates reserpine-induced fibromyalgia model in mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35988425
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2022: Among patients with fibromyalgia, part of the ability of medical cannabis to help with pain results from their ability to help with sleep, anxiety & depression
Predictors of pain reduction among fibromyalgia patients using medical cannabis: a long-term prospective cohort study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35876631
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2022: In humans with pelvic pain, a combination of PEA & magnesium reduced pain & increased quality of life
A Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and Magnesium Based Product (PEAMag) Reduces the Pain and Improves Quality of Life in Patients Affected by Acute and Chronic Pelvic Pain
http://www.clinicalcasereportsint.com/open-access/a-palmitoylethanolamide-pea-and-magnesium-based-product-peamag-reduces-the-8862.pdf
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2022: In a model of endometriosis, CBD reduced lesions, caused antioxidant effects, lowered scar tissue formation, reduced inflammation & helped with pain
Molecular and Biochemical Mechanism of Cannabidiol in the Management of the Inflammatory and Oxidative Processes Associated with Endometriosis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35628240
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2022: In women with endometriosis, the lesions on their ovaries showed much higher levels of the CB1 & CB2 receptors, suggesting them as targets for treating the pain
Detection of Cannabinoid Receptor Expression by Endometriotic Lesions in Women with Endometriosis as an Alternative to Opioid-Based Pain Medication
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2022/4323259
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2022: A survey of women with endometriosis finds that the majority report cannabis helpful & many are able to replace other drugs with it
Cannabis use for endometriosis : clinical and legal challenges in Australia and New Zealand
https://researchdirect.westernsydney.edu.au/islandora/object/uws:62139/
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2022: This study of women with endometriosis looked at how their endocannabinoid levels were related to their pain & disease state
Association of endocannabinoids with pain in endometriosis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34001768/
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2022: This survey shows that most women who used cannabis or cannabinoids (THC, CBD, PEA) for gynecologic conditions found that it improved pain
Medical Cannabis for Gynecologic Pain Conditions: A Systematic Review
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2022: In mice, the CB1 receptors may be involved with the production of progesterone
Mitochondrial Localization of CB1 in Progesterone-producing Cells of Ovarian Interstitial Glands of Adult Mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34915761/
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2021: This survey of women experiencing chronic pelvic pain & fibromyalgia found that CBD helped them to reduce pain medications & improvements in sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue & overall health
Cannabidiol Use, Substitution for Medications, and Perceptions of Effectiveness in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465021008955
2021: In China, the study of an ancient cemetery found the likely earliest physical evidence for medical cannabis being used "for the treatment of metrorrhagia [abnormal bleeding from the uterus], severe lumbago [pain in the lower back], and/or arthralgia [joint pain]"
Archaeobotanical evidence of the use of medicinal cannabis in a secular context unearthed from south China
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33848611/
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2021: This survey of women experiencing chronic pelvic pain & fibromyalgia found that CBD helped them to reduce pain medications & improvements in sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue & overall health
Cannabidiol Use, Substitution for Medications, and Perceptions of Effectiveness in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465021008955
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2021: In a rat model of estrogen depletion where their ovaries are removed, two weeks of CBD completely reversed the usual memory impairment
Cannabidiol reverses memory impairments and activates components of the Akt/GSK3β pathway in an experimental model of estrogen depletion
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34450240/
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2021: In human females, this study looked at the dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system in endometriosis
Implications of dysregulated endogenous cannabinoid family members in the pathophysiology of endometriosis
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2666335X21000707
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2021: A retrospective study in humans with endometriosis-associated pelvic pain found medical cannabis helpful for pain & GI symptoms
Effects of cannabis ingestion on endometriosis-associated pelvic pain and related symptoms
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34699540/
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2021: In rats, activating the CB2 receptor helped to protect against uterine damage
The Activation of Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor with JWH-133 Protects Uterine Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105141/
2021: In rats with loss of blood flow to their ovaries, activation of the CB2 receptor reduced inflammation & injury
Activation of cannabinoid 2 receptors by JWH-133 protects against ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33840323/
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2021: In the smooth muscle cells of the uterus, patients with adenomyosis (where the inner lining of the uterus breaks through the muscle wall) had increased levels of CB1
The cannabinoid receptor CB1 affects the proliferation and apoptosis of adenomyotic human uterine smooth muscle cells of the junctional zone: a mechanism study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33531043/
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2021: In women with pelvic pain, this retrospective survey found that the use of cannabis lowered opioid use
Recreational Cannabis Use Before and After Legalization in Women With Pelvic Pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33278297/
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2020: This survey finds many patients with chronic pelvis pain find cannabis helpful
Patient-Reported Use of Medical Cannabis for Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain
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2020: Cannabis for pelvis pain
Use of Cannabis for Self-Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33252316/
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2020: Survey finds that in women, increased cannabis use linked to increased scores on various markers of female sexual satisfaction
Assessment of the Association of Cannabis on Female Sexual Function With the Female Sexual Function Index
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116120300866
2020: In stressed mice, blocking the CB1 receptor increased activation of the HPA hormonal axis
Peripherally restricted cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) antagonist, AM6545, potentiates stress-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation via a non-CB1R mechanism
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33216305/
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2020: CBD, melatonin & oxytocin for autism
A Neuroendocrine Therapeutic Approach with the Pineal Hormone Melatonin, Cannabidiol and Oxytocin (MCO regimen) in the Treatment of the Autism Spectrum disorders
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2020: In 20 humans, they measured the effects of cannabis on the endocrine system - saw a spike in insulin, lower GLP-1, & higher ghrelin
Effects of oral, smoked, and vaporized cannabis on endocrine pathways related to appetite and metabolism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, human laboratory study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32075958
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2020: in human double-blind study, 600 mg of CBD showed help for cortisol levels in those at risk for psychosis
Effects of short-term cannabidiol treatment on response to social stress in subjects at clinical high risk of developing psychosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31915861
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2020: In rats, activating the CB2 receptor protected the uterus from damage during a transplantation procedure
The Activation of Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor with JWH-133 Protects Uterine Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105141/
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2020: In mice, this study looks at how hormones affect glutamate levels via the ECS
Corticosterone inhibits vagal afferent glutamate release in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract via retrograde endocannabinoid signaling
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/ajpcell.00190.2020
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2020: THC for the pain of endometriosis
Disease-modifying effects of natural Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in endometriosis-associated pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31931958/
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2019: study of cannabis for endometriosis
Self-Reported Efficacy of Cannabis for Endometriosis Pain
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465019310921
2019: A survey of females found “marijuana appears to improve satisfaction with [female] orgasm” (373 participants)
The Relationship between Marijuana Use Prior to Sex and Sexual Function in Women
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30833225
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2019: In human female uterine tissue, the number of CB1 receptors is associated with the severity of menstrual cramps
Expression of Cannabinoid Receptors in Myometrium and its Correlation With Dysmenorrhea in Adenomyosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30832539
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2019: In mice, activating CB1 seems to keep open the window for hormone therapy for the treatment of menopause
CB1 agonism prolongs therapeutic window for hormone replacement in ovariectomized mice
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/123689
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2018: In rats, boosting ECS tone helps maintain the HPA axis in a basal state & inhibits corticosterone release from the adrenal gland
Pharmacological augmentation of endocannabinoid signaling reduces the neuroendocrine response to stress
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29065362/
1993: In a double-blind human study, oral CBD prevented the typical reduction of cortisol levels in the morning – prolactin and growth hormone levels unchanged
Effect of cannabidiol on plasma prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol in human volunteers
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/825792
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