​

2023: In Danish patients with hard-to-treat chronic pain, oral cannabinoids were safe & helped with some of their pain - THC & CBD worked better together
Safety and effectiveness of cannabinoids to Danish patients with treatment refractory chronic pain-A retrospective observational real-world study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36394124

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2023: A case report of using CBD-rich cannabis for a patient with hypophosphatasia (a rare genetic disorder of impaired mineralization of bones & teeth that includes muscle pain & neurological symptoms) found that it led to a significant pain reduction, a discontinuation of opioids & resumption of her work as a physician
Medical Cannabinoids as Treatment for Hypophosphatasia-Related Symptoms
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36380652

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2023: In patients with mastocytosis (a painful overabundance of mast cells), CBD allowed a third of the patients to discontinue their other pain medicines
The Effectiveness and Safety of Pharmaceutical-Grade Cannabidiol in the Treatment of Mastocytosis-Associated Pain: A Pilot Study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36831056/

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2023: In a model of cystitis & bladder pain (a disease of chronic inflammation of the urinary bladder), CBD reduced inflammation & oxidative stress
Cannabidiol as a Promising Therapeutic Option in IC/BPS: In Vitro Evaluation of Its Protective Effects against Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36902479/

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2023: In mice, more THC got into their system when administered in a THC- rich extract. Also oral CBD helped with their mechanical pain hypersensitivity
Pharmacokinetics of Orally Applied Cannabinoids and Medical Marijuana Extracts in Mouse Nervous Tissue and Plasma: Relevance for Pain Treatment
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36986714/

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2023: In a mouse model of neuropathic pain, CBD combined well with electric nerve stimulation of the skin to reduce pain, possibly via a spinal increase of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10
Synergistic effect of cannabidiol and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on neuropathic and inflammatory pain in mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36719831/

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2023: On how CBD regulates the calcium channels that underlie the mechanism of pain
Differential regulation of Cav 3.2 and Cav 2.2 calcium channels by CB1 receptors and cannabidiol
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36647671/

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2023: In female rats, inhaling high CBD cannabis vapor reduces their reward from opioids & caused painkilling effects
High-CBD Cannabis Vapor Attenuates Opioid Reward and Partially Modulates Nociception in Female Rats
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772392522000451

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2023: In a study of mast cells & astrocytes (2 key support cells of the brain), PEA delayed their tolerance to morphine
Ultramicronized N-Palmitoylethanolamine Regulates Mast Cell-Astrocyte Crosstalk: A New Potential Mechanism Underlying the Inhibition of Morphine Tolerance
https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/2/233

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2023:In a tissue study of pelvic pain of the bladder, a mixture of PEA, hempseed oil & maritime pine bark extract reduced inflammatory cytokines
Micronized Palmitoylethanolamide, Hempseed Oil, and Maritime Pine Bark Dry Extract (Pelvipea®) for Pelvic Pain: An In Vitro Study for Urothelial Inflammation Treatment
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36831284/

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2023: Advice on using the cannabinoids for treating the neuropathic pain of diabetes
Consideration of cannabinoids in the treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain
http://canadiandiabetesandendocrinologytoday.com/cdet/article/view/1-1-2-lougheed

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2023: In a mouse model of toxic brain damage from HIV antiretrovirals, activating the CB2 receptor protects the brain, causes painkilling effects & reverses morphine tolerance
Peripheral sensory neuron CB2 cannabinoid receptors are necessary for both CB2-mediated antinociceptive efficacy and sparing of morphine tolerance in a mouse model of anti-retroviral toxic neuropathy
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36417942/

2022: Among patients taking CBD for a month, it significantly improved well-being, anxiety, sleep disturbance & pain
The Safety and Effectiveness of Commercially Available Cannabidiol Products for Health and Well-Being: A Randomized, Multi-Arm, Open-Label Waitlist-Controlled Trial
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/imr.2022.0081

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2022: The great Dr. Donald Abrams with a new clinical study on cannabis helping diabetics with their neuropathic pain
Cannabis Ameliorates Diabetic Neuropathy Pain
https://www.naturalmedicinejournal.com/journal/cannabis-ameliorates-diabetic-neuropathy-pain

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2022: In older adults, their most common reason to use medical cannabis was pain & sleep
Medical cannabis authorization patterns, safety, and associated effects in older adults
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36131299

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2022: In humans with tension headaches, PEA worked almost as well as ibuprofen for moderate headaches & for severe headaches, PEA worked faster
Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide (Levagen+TM) Compared to Ibuprofen for Reducing Headache Pain Severity and Duration in Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind, Parallel, Randomized Clinical Trial
https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=118715

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2022: In a double-blind study of patients with rotator cuff surgery, CBD helped them with the pain immediately following surgery
Buccally Absorbed Cannabidiol Shows Significantly Superior Pain Control and Improved Satisfaction Immediately After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded, Randomized Trial
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/03635465221109573

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2022: Another survey of CBD users (young adults this time) that list the tops uses of CBD as pain, sleep & anxiety
Cannabidiol Knowledge, Perceptions, and Use Among Young Adults in 6 U.S. Metropolitan Areas
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35878060

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2022: In a case study of a woman with severe recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (a rare genetic skin fragility disorder), after nothing else helped with the pain, oral CBD drops helped improve her pain to tolerable levels, improved her ability to swallow as well as her quality of life
Purified oral cannabidiol for pain management in severe recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35593277

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2022: A survey found for people with arthritis & joint pain, they said CBD helped with pain, physical function & sleep as well as a reduction in other medications
Cannabidiol as a treatment for arthritis and joint pain: an exploratory cross-sectional study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35999581

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2022: A review of cases where doctors chose to use cannabis for chronic pain, opioid dependence, depression & migraines
Cannabinoids-Perspectives for Individual Treatment in Selected Patients: Analysis of the Case Series
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36009411

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2022: In patients with Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (an early neurodegenerative disease that causes pain & interferes with motion), a survey finds that there may be a role for cannabis in managing symptoms
Cannabis use in patients with Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35809457

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2022: A survey of people with substance use disorder who used CBD found that it helped them to sleep better, relax, reduce pain & feel less anxious
Cannabidiol use among patients with substance use disorders
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14659891.2022.2120425

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2022: In a survey of kidney patients, they used medical cannabis for pain relief & sleep enhancement
Patient views regarding cannabis use in chronic kidney disease and kidney failure: a survey study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35881478

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2022: In patients with chronic pain, cannabis use caused significant pain score reductions, improved sleep & caused no serious adverse events
Medicinal Cannabis for the Treatment of Chronic Refractory Pain: An Investigation of the Adverse Event Profile and Health-Related Quality of Life Impact of an Oral Formulation
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35950052

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2022: Among patients with fibromyalgia, part of the ability of medical cannabis to help with pain results from their ability to help with sleep, anxiety & depression
Predictors of pain reduction among fibromyalgia patients using medical cannabis: a long-term prospective cohort study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35876631

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2022: In patients with mouth & facial pain, they had lower levels of endocannabinoids in their saliva
Reduced Endocannabinoid Tone in Saliva of Chronic Orofacial Pain Patients
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35889535

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2022: In patients with diabetes experiencing neuropathic body pain, 600 mg of PEA lowered their pain & inflammation scores significantly as well as improving their sleep & mood
A randomized controlled trial assessing the safety and efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide for treating diabetic-related peripheral neuropathic pain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36057884

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2022: A case report of an older woman using cannabis for her chronic pain & how it reduced her opioid medication dosage
The Utility of Cannabis-Based Medicine in Chronic Pain Management: A Case Report
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36540475

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2022: A survey of medical cannabis users again finds the use for chronic pain at the top of the list
Characteristics of People Seeking Prescribed Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Evidence From Project Twenty 21
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35775024

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2022: In male vs female cancer patients, cannabis helped both groups with pain, sleep, anxiety & well-being – but in females, it helped with nausea, lack of appetite & shortness of breath while in males it helped more with pain
Sex differences exist in the perceived relief of cancer symptoms with medical cannabis: results from the Quebec Cannabis Registry
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35723729

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2022: A survey of podiatry patients finds that they think CBD is helpful for their foot pain problems
Podiatric Physician Perspective on the use of Cannabidiol (CBD) in the Treatment of Foot and Ankle Pathology
https://webassets.westernu.edu/web/cpm/journals/extremitas-journal-2022.pdf#page=112

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2022: In patients with arthritis of the thumb, two weeks of topical CBD treatment caused significant improvements in their pain measures
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Topical Cannabidiol for the Treatment of Thumb Basal Joint Arthritis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35637038

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2022: A survey of Canadian cannabis users found these conditions at the top of the list: anxiety (70%), insomnia (56%), pain (53%), depression (37%)
A description of self-medication with cannabis among adults with legal access to cannabis in Quebec, Canada
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35619155

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2022: In a survey of Parkinson’s patients, the use of cannabis was associated with improvements in motor function, sleep & pain
Cannabis use in Parkinson’s disease—A nationwide online survey study
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ane.13602

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2022: Many patients with multiple sclerosis use cannabinoids for pain relief
Cannabinoid use for pain relief among people with multiple sclerosis
https://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/36550

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2022: In humans with pelvic pain, a combination of PEA & magnesium reduced pain & increased quality of life
A Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and Magnesium Based Product (PEAMag) Reduces the Pain and Improves Quality of Life in Patients Affected by Acute and Chronic Pelvic Pain
http://www.clinicalcasereportsint.com/open-access/a-palmitoylethanolamide-pea-and-magnesium-based-product-peamag-reduces-the-8862.pdf

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2022: In a study of the UK cannabis medicine registry, the most frequent users of inhaled cannabis was patients with chronic pain & anxiety & they reported “a significant improvement in patient-reported pain scores, mood, anxiety, sleep disturbances” as well as increased quality of life
" Flower Power": Controlled Inhalation of THC-Predominant Cannabis Flos Improves Health-Related Quality of Life and Symptoms of Chronic Pain and Anxiety in Eligible UK Patients
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36289837

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2022: In patients with cancer, 300 mg of CBD per day lessened their chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (nerve pain in the body)
Oral cannabidiol for prevention of acute and transient chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35933415

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2022: In patients with advanced cancer experiencing uncontrolled pain, a nano-spray of 1:1 THC:CBD appeared safe & showed preliminary evidence of painkilling effects
Pilot clinical and pharmacokinetic study of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)/Cannabidiol (CBD) nanoparticle oro-buccal spray in patients with advanced cancer experiencing uncontrolled pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36240167

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2022: In a Florida survey of medical cannabis patients, 79% reported a reduction in their pain medication use
Medical Cannabis Patients Report Improvements in Health Functioning and Reductions in Opiate Use
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36168127

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2022: A survey of singers finds that they use CBD for stress, anxiety or chronic pain
Alternative and Complimentary Medication Use in Singers: A Pilot Survey
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36270919

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2022: In older patients with pain, a three-year retrospective study finds that even a low-dose of cannabinoids is linked to a decreased use of opioids
Cannabinoids reduce opioid use in older patients with pain : Retrospective three-year analysis of data from a general practice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35384481/

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2022: In a study of why New Zealand patients used CBD, the primary reason was non-cancer-related pain
Cannabidiol Prescription Requests in NZ: Describing Patients and Indications Seen in a New Zealand Cannabis Clinic
https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1215517/v1/22708d47-b46d-419e-85d3-b969b76e6c28.pdf

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2022: In patients with episodic migraines, a small pilot study finds that PEA helps decrease the frequency of migraines & the amount of medication needed for pain
Palmitoylethanolamide-based nutraceutical Calmux® in preventive treatment of migraine
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35598579

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2022: In patients with severe neuropathic back pain, this industry study found that nabiximols (ie Sativex – a pharmaceutical 1:1 CBD:THC spray) was superior to a long-acting opioid analgesics in terms of pain control & side effects
Effectiveness, Safety, and Tolerability of Nabiximols Oromucosal Spray vs Typical Oral Long-Acting Opioid Analgesics in Patients with Severe Neuropathic Back Pain: Analysis of 6-Month Real-World Data from the German Pain e-Registry
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34480564/

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2022: A review of the reasons for medical cannabis use in Ontario
Declared Rationale for Cannabis Use Before and After Legalization for Nonmedical Use: A Longitudinal Study of Community Adults in Ontario
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35333612/

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2022: In a review of 933 patients using PEA for neuropathic pain, it helped with pain reduction & quality of life
Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) on Nociceptive, Musculoskeletal and Neuropathic Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Evidence
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36015298

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2022: On using PEA for chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome, General Conservative and Medical Management and Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Efficacy
https://web.archive.org/web/20221119222632id_/https://www.onlinescientificresearch.com/articles/chronic-pelvic-pain-syndrome-general-conservative-and-medical-management-and-palmitoylethanolamide-pea-efficacy.pdf

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2022: A case study of using THC & CBD on a patient with complex pain
Integration of Cannabis Extract Tetrahydrocannabinol:Cannabidiol in an Interdisciplinary Therapy Setting: A Case of Chronic Multilocular Pain Disorder
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36467780

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2022: In Australian patients with arthritis, the use of CBD/THC & CBD-only products significantly reduced pain intensity
Medicinal cannabis for Australian patients with chronic refractory pain including arthritis
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20494637221147115

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2022: A cohort study of kids & teens using nabilone (a pharmaceutical THC derivative) against their chronic pain
Synthetic cannabinoid for the treatment of severe chronic noncancer pain in children and adolescents
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36458026

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2022: In migraine patients, oral cannabinoids helped reduce pain intensity & to lower acute medication intake

Oral Cannabinoid Preparations for the Treatment of Chronic Migraine: A Retrospective Study

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34347088/

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2022: In patients with arthritis of the thumb, many of them found topical & oral cannabis helpful

Assessment of Medical Cannabis in Patients With Osteoarthritis of the Thumb Basal Joint

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34893392/

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2022: In a mouse model of pain, combining an activator of the CB1 receptor & the mu-opioid receptor inhibited visceral pain without the development of side effects or tolerance

COMBINED CANNABINOID RECEPTOR 1 AND MU-OPIOID RECEPTOR AGONISTS SYNERGISTICALLY INHIBIT VISCERAL PAIN IN VIVO WITHOUT ADVERSE SIDE EFFECTS OR TOLERANCE

https://academic.oup.com/jcag/article/5/Supplement_1/131/6533032

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2022: Essential oil from hemp causes antimicrobial & antioxidant activity

In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Cannabis sativa L. cv 'Futura 75' essential oil

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32865042/

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2022: In pain patients, cannabis oil reduced the use of opioids

Long-term Cannabis-based oil therapy and pain medications prescribing patterns: an Italian observational study

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35253178/

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2022: In a rat model of pain from chemotherapy, the ability of hyperbaric oxygen treatment to lessen pain & inflammation seems to be mediated by the C2 receptor

Involvement of spinal cannabinoid receptor type 2 in the analgesia effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35226977/

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2022: A survey of pain patients found that cannabis causes a significant improvement in quality of life as well as reduced anxiety

Measuring the Change in Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients Using Marijuana for Pain Relief

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35224431/

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2022: In a mouse model of pain, the ability of a black pepper extract seemed to control pain via the CB2 receptor, a PPAR nuclear receptor that controls genetic transcription & the TRPV1 vanilloid receptor

Viphyllin TM, a Standardized Black Pepper Seed Extract Exerts Antinociceptive Effects in Murine Pain Models via Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor CB2, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Alpha and TRPV1 Ion Channels

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35153513/

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2022: A thematic analysis the experience of patients using cannabis for pain

What are the experiences of patients using cannabis for pain? A systematic review of qualitative studies

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1876382021008167

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2022: An analysis of real-world patient data about cannabis for chronic refractory pain

Medicinal Cannabis for the Treatment of Chronic Refractory Pain: An Investigation of the Adverse Event Profile and Health-Related Quality of Life Impact of an Oral Formulation

https://www.karger.com/Article/PDF/521492

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2022: A mixed-method analysis shows how people are using cannabis for pain management

A mixed methods analysis of cannabis use routines for chronic pain management

https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=DJ2022074947

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2022: A look at novel FAAH inhibitors for the treatment of chronic pain 

Identifying FAAH Inhibitors as New Therapeutic Options for the Treatment of Chronic Pain through Drug Repurposing

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35056095/

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2022: In mice with neuropathic pain, CBD combined well with THCV to lessen pair via the CB1 receptor & a serotonin receptor

Role of Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabivarin on Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rodents

https://europepmc.org/article/ppr/ppr437461

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2022: In a mouse model of pain & opioid addiction, a look at the effects of CBD & a novel CBD derivative (CBD-val-HS)

Differential Effects of Cannabidiol and a Novel Cannabidiol Analog on Oxycodone Place Preference and Analgesia in Mice: an Opioid Abuse Deterrent with Analgesic Properties

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34962133/

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2022: Data from a medical cannabis app shows that inhaled cannabis reduces self-reported pain severity by ~45%

A Large-Scale Naturalistic Examination of the Acute Effects of Cannabis on Pain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33998864/

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2022: For chronic pain conditions, THC & CBD improved pain scores as well as quality of life

UK Medical Cannabis registry: an analysis of clinical outcomes of medicinal cannabis therapy for chronic pain conditions

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34937477/

Here’s the summary study of their entire analysis

An Updated Analysis of Clinical Outcome Measures Across Patients From the UK Medical Cannabis Registry

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35073160/

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2022: This analysis looks at how chronic pain patients utilize medical cannabis products

A mixed methods analysis of cannabis use routines for chronic pain management

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35016733/

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2022: This single-center prospective study found that medical cannabis helped to reduce opioid use in chronic pain patients

Medical Cannabis Used as an Alternative Treatment for Chronic Pain Demonstrates Reduction in Chronic Opioid Use - A Prospective Study

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35051158/

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2022: In humans with chronic back pain, the use of medical cannabis reduced opioid prescriptions

Medical Cannabis Use Reduces Opioid Prescriptions in Patients With Chronic Back Pain

https://www.cureus.com/articles/82949-medical-cannabis-use-reduces-opioid-prescriptions-in-patients-with-chronic-back-pain

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2022: A survey of chronic pain patients finds medical cannabis certification associated with decreased opiate use

Medical Cannabis Certification Is Associated With Decreased Opiate Use in Patients With Chronic Pain: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Delaware

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35004055/

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2022: In mice with neuropathic pain from chemotherapy treatment, a CBD analog reduced mechanical & cold allodynia (pain from extreme sensitivity) via the PPARγ receptors which regulate genetic transcription

The Cannabidiol Analog PECS-101 Prevents Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain via PPARγ Receptors

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34904193/

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2022: In a rat model of pain, the use of NSAIDs caused pain reduction via the endorphin & endocannabinoid systems

Endogenous opioid and cannabinoid systems contribute to antinociception produced by administration of NSAIDs into the insular cortex of rats

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32916536/

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2022: In mice with pain, the use of curcumin reduced pain via the endorphin & endocannabinoid systems

Curcumin induces peripheral antinociception by opioidergic and cannabinoidergic mechanism: Pharmacological evidence

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35032552/

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2022: In humans with peripheral neuropathy, a double-blind study showed topical CBD oil caused “significant improvement in pain and other disturbing sensations”

The Effectiveness of Topical Cannabidiol Oil in Symptomatic Relief of Peripheral Neuropathy of the Lower Extremities

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31793418/

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2022: In a mouse model of inflammatory pain, combining CBD & β-caryophyllene (a common cannabis terpene) to produce synergistic painkilling effects via control of inflammation
Cannabidiol and Beta-Caryophyllene in Combination: A Therapeutic Functional Interaction
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36555111/

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2022: In a rat model of neuropathic pain, THC worked the best for reducing pain – but high-CBD cannabis extracts was more effective than CBD alone
Combinations of Cannabidiol and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Reducing Chemotherapeutic Induced Neuropathic Pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36289810

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2022: In a mouse model of sickle cell disease, CBD lessened the chronic & acute pain by decreasing inflammation & oxidative stress
Cannabidiol Attenuates Chronic and Acute Hyperalgesia in Sickle Mice By Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stressv
https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/140/Supplement%201/8226/488015

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2022: In a mouse model of nerve pain, CBD-rich extract lowered their pain sensitivity via the CB2 receptors of the microglia (immune guardian cells of the brain)
Cannabidiol-rich non-psychotropic Cannabis sativa L. oils attenuate peripheral neuropathy symptoms by regulation of CB2-mediated microglial neuroinflammation
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36583304/

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2022: In a mouse model of sickle cell anemia, CBD lowered their sensitivity to pain
Cannabidiol attenuates hyperalgesia in a mouse model of sickle cell disease
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36122382

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2022: In a mouse model of fibromyalgia, cannabis oil with low THC levels helped with pain & touch sensitivities as well as lessening depressive behaviors
Broad-spectrum cannabis oil ameliorates reserpine-induced fibromyalgia model in mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35988425

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2022: In a mouse model of neuropathic body pain from chemotherapy, CBG reduced their hypersensitivity to touch
Cannabigerol (CBG) attenuates mechanical hypersensitivity elicited by chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35899583

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2022: In a mouse model of neuropathic pain, CBD caused the morphine’s painkilling to work better & lowered the buildup of tolerance to opioids
Cannabidiol enhances the antinociceptive effects of morphine and attenuates opioid-induced tolerance in the chronic constriction injury model
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36028000

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2022: In mice with chronic pain from the chemotherapy drug cisplatin, CBD helped with their pain & this seems to be mediated by the CB1 & CB2 receptors working via the TRPV1 receptors & in females only, a serotonin receptors
The Role of Cannabidiol (CBD) in a Cisplatin-Induced Model of Chronic Neuropathic Pain
https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.S1.R5197

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2022: In a rat model of pain, ß-caryophyllene (a predominant terpene in cannabis & an activator of the CB2 receptor) seems to cause its pain-relieving effects at least partially via the opioid receptors
Contribution Of Opioid Receptors To Antinociception Produced By ß-Caryophyllene
https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.S1.R2682

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2022: In monkeys with free access to fentanyl, THC & CBD, alone or in combination, did “not enhance or diminish the rewarding effects of fentanyl”, suggesting them as a safe way to enhance the painkilling power of fentanyl
Effects of cannabidiol (CBD), ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and CBD/THC mixtures on fentanyl self-administration in a food drug choice procedure in rhesus monkeys
https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.S1.R2054

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2022: In a mouse model of osteoarthritis, both CBD oil & CBG oil helped with pain & inflammation as well as improved gait & locomotion
Distinctive Therapeutic Effects of Non-Euphorigenic Cannabis Extracts in Osteoarthritis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35994012

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2022: In a mouse model of pain from chemotherapy, PEA helped with the pain as well as the mood disorders
The Beneficial Effects of Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide in the Management of Neuropathic Pain and Associated Mood Disorders Induced by Paclitaxel in Mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36009049

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2022: In a model of endometriosis, CBD reduced lesions, caused antioxidant effects, lowered scar tissue formation, reduced inflammation & helped with pain
Molecular and Biochemical Mechanism of Cannabidiol in the Management of the Inflammatory and Oxidative Processes Associated with Endometriosis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35628240

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2022: In a mouse model of chemotherapy, CBD lowered neuropathic pain & inflammatory cytokines via the CB2 & Toll-like receptors (TLR4) in the spinal cord’s microglia (immune cells)
Cannabidiol Prevents Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Modulating Spinal TLR4 Via Endocannabinoid System Activation
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4199529

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2022: In human neutrophils (first-responder white blood cells), CBD inhibited expression of the COX-1 & COX-2 enzymes (responsible for pain & inflammation, a pathway used by NSAIDs like aspirin & ibuprofen)
Effect of Cannabidiol on Cyclooxygenase Type 1 and 2 Expression and Function in Human Neutrophils
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35930236

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2022: In mice using the painkiller oxycodone, THC increased the painkilling strength but didn’t seem to effect tolerance or dependence
Impact of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Administration on Measures of Oxycodone-induced Antinociception, Dependence and Reward in Mice
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1526590022001201

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2022: In rats with a Vitamin D3 deficiency, CBD helped to improve the availability of Vitamin D3 which caused improvements in memory, pain tolerance, inflammation & aging
Effects of Cannabidiol Interactions with CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and Vitamin D 3 Receptors on Spatial Memory, Pain, Inflammation, and Aging in Vitamin D 3 Deficiency Diet-Induced Rats
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35443806/

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2022: In a rat model of neuropathic pain, CBD & THCV worked together to reduce pain & protect the neurons via the CB1 receptor & a serotonin receptor
Role of Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabivarin on Paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain in rodents
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35303507/

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2022: On using PEA to reduce the tolerance to opiates & enhance their painkilling abilities
Role of PEA in Reduction of Opiate Tolerance
https://www.jbclinpharm.org/articles/role-of-pea-in-reduction-of-opiate-tolerance.pdf

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2022: A combination of lidocaine & CBD for the topical treatment of pain
Design of Liposomal Lidocaine/Cannabidiol Fixed Combinations for Local Neuropathic Pain Treatment
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/9/1915/html

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2022: In a rat model of sciatic nerve damage, PEA decreased the intensity & duration of the pain, stabilized the microglia & astroglia (brain immune cells) & lowered neuroinflammation by several mechanisms
Analgesic Activity of Palmitoylethanolamide on Neuropathic Pain in Rats
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1819712422030047

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2022: In a mouse model of facial pain, CBD reduced transmission through the pain pathway via the TRPV1 receptors
Efficacy and mechanism of the antinociceptive effects of cannabidiol on acute orofacial nociception induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant in male Mus musculus mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36265395

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2022: In macrophages (mobile white blood cells), CBD lowered inflammation as well as the standard treatment of the steroid dexamethasone
Comparison of the in vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Cannabidiol to Dexamethasone
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36159203

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2022: In human neutrophils (first-responder white blood cells), CBD inhibited expression of the COX-1 & COX-2 enzymes (responsible for pain & inflammation, a pathway used by NSAIDs like aspirin & ibuprofen)
Effect of Cannabidiol on Cyclooxygenase Type 1 and 2 Expression and Function in Human Neutrophils
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35930236

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2022: In rats with a traumatic spinal cord injury, CBD lowered their oxidative stress, reduced their hypersensitivity & lessened pain levels
Cannabidiol attenuates hypersensitivity and oxidative stress after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36028005

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2022: In rats who had spinal fusion surgery, THC increased their fusion rates while CBD had no adverse effect
Effects of cannabinoids on spinal fusion in a rat model
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1529943022004053

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2022: A study of the minor cannabinoids find anti-inflammatory activities for cannabielsoin, dehydrocannabielsoin, cannabimovone & 3'-epicannabimovone
Synthesis of the Cannabimovone and Cannabifuran Class of Minor Phytocannabinoids and Their Anti-inflammatory Activity
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35476908/

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2022: In mice, electroacupuncture works via the endocannabinoid system
Combined-Acupoint Electroacupuncture Induces Better Analgesia via Activating the Endocannabinoid System in the Spinal Cord
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36160326

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2022: In a mouse model of spinal cord injury, activating the CB2 receptor lowered inflammation, reduced loss of the myelin sheaths, increased autophagy (recycling of damaged cellular components), caused less neuronal apoptosis (cellular suicide) & improved functionality of the hind legs
Cannabinoid receptor-2 attenuates neuroinflammation by promoting autophagy-mediated degradation of the NLRP3 inflammasome post spinal cord injury
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36238284

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2022: In rats, activating the CB1 receptor help to reduce inflammation via the release of GABA (the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain)
Persistent Inflammation Induces Desensitization of the Presynaptic Cannabinoid 1 Receptor in the Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray
https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.S1.R2600

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2022: In a rat model of neuropathic pain, a drug to inhibit the FAAH enzyme (also a function of CBD) reduced their pain
Fatty acid amide hydrolase activity in the dorsal PAG attenuates neuropathic pain and associated dysautonomia
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36154489

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2022: In a rat model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain, this thorough study looks at the changes in the levels of endocannabinoid machinery in the brain & spinal cord, finding a distinct difference between the male & female response
Changes in the expression of endocannabinoid system components in an experimental model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain: Evaluation of sex-related differences
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36179876

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2022: In a model of neuropathic pain from chemotherapy, the ability of a key terpene from Ginkgo biloba to reduce the pain seems to be mediated by the CB1 receptor
CB1 as a novel target for Ginkgo biloba's terpene trilactone for controlling chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36044079

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2022: In a goat model of visceral hypersensitivity (feeling pain in your organs), the ability of electroacupuncture to relieve the pain occurred via modulation of the endocannabinoid system
Electroacupuncture relieves visceral hypersensitivity through modulation of the endogenous cannabinoid system
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35957508

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2022: In mice with chronic pain who get moved to an enriched environment, the ability of this enriched environment to reduce pain levels is apparently because it mimics endocannabinoids in their reduction of pain & anxiety via the NR2B & CB1 receptors in the thalamus
Down-regulation of NR2B receptors contributes to the analgesic and antianxiety effects of enriched environment mediated by endocannabinoid system in the inflammatory pain mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35985400

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2022: In a mouse model of neuropathic pain, preventing the degradation of 2-AG reduced the pain via normalizing the reactivity of the microglia (immune cells of the brain)
Attenuation of allodynia and microglial reactivity by inhibiting the degradation of 2-arachidonoylglycerol following injury to the trigeminal nerve in mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35991988

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2022: In a rat model of pain, an interaction between the orexin system & the endocannabinoid system in the amygdala causes some of the painkilling
An interaction between basolateral amygdala orexinergic and endocannabinoid systems in inducing anti-nociception in the rat formalin test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35918531

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2022: In a rat model of migraines, inhibiting the FAAH enzyme lowered pain levels & the inflammatory response
Potentiation of endocannabinoids and other lipid amides prevents hyperalgesia and inflammation in a pre-clinical model of migraine
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35799128

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2022: In a rat model of arthritis, the terpene myrcene reduced pain transmission as well as inflammation
Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Properties of the Cannabis Terpene Myrcene in Rat Adjuvant Monoarthritis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35887239

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2022: In mice with abdominal pain, activating the CB1 receptor along with the mu-opioid receptor worked better at lowering pain
Cannabinoid 1 and mu-opioid receptor agonists synergistically inhibit abdominal pain and lack side effects in mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35790401

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2022: In rats with spinal nerve injuries, activating the CB1 receptor reduced pain as well as altering the plasticity of the relevant neurons
Endogenous Cannabinoid Receptors Modulate Plasticity at Immature Synapses
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35864772

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2022: In mice, females experienced more pain relief from CB1 activation than males because in the relevant brain area, they have more neurons with CB1 producing GABA (the brain’s primary inhibitory neurotransmitter)
Sex-specific cannabinoid 1 receptors on GABAergic neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray mediate analgesia in mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35716006

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2022: In a mouse model of facial pain, treatment with a FAAH inhibitor caused increased AEA levels as well as CB1 receptors but lower levels of 2-AG & CB2 – strong look at the interplay of the endocannabinoids
Release of Endocannabinoids into the Cerebrospinal Fluid during the Induction of the Trigemino-Hypoglossal Reflex in Rats
https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/5/164

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2022: In an examination of sex differences, both genders appeared to have similar levels of CB1 receptors in their lumbar spinal cord (lower back – key for pain pathways)
Sex-specific characteristics of cells expressing the cannabinoid 1 receptor in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35580011/

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2022: In rats with spinal cord injuries, the increased expression of CB2 receptors helped to reduce neuropathic pain by lowering the transmission of pain signals into the spinal cord
Cannabinoid CB2 receptors are upregulated via bivalent histone modifications and control primary afferent input to the spinal cord in neuropathic pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35500651/

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2022: In neuronal cells, CBG slows sodium channels & leads to decreased excitability, suggesting its use as a painkiller
Inhibition of sodium conductance by cannabigerol contributes to a reduction of dorsal root ganglion neuron excitabilityI
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35297036/

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2022: In male rats, the effects of the painkiller tramadol seem to be mediated by the CB1 receptor & an orexin receptor
Effects of selective orexin receptor-2 and cannabinoid receptor-1 antagonists on the response of medial prefrontal cortex neurons to tramadol
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35313383/

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2021: A survey of CBG-rich cannabis users found it helpful for many conditions like pain & often more helpful than conventional medicines
Survey of Patients Employing Cannabigerol-Predominant Cannabis Preparations: Perceived Medical Effects, Adverse Events, and Withdrawal Symptoms
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34569849

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2021: A survey of older adults found their medical cannabis use to be helpful for chronic conditions & for pain
Medical Cannabis Use: Exploring the Perceptions and Experiences of Older Adults with Chronic Conditions
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33250007

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2021: In a rat model of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain, inhaled cannabis reduced hypersensitivity to cold & decreased pain levels via the brain’s raphe nucleus (a center in the brain stem that sends projections to almost every other area of the brain)
Inhaled Cannabis Suppresses Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Nociception by Decoupling the Raphe Nucleus: A Functional Imaging Study in Rats
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33622657

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2021: In an animal model of osteoarthritis, β-caryophyllene both helped with the pain & reduced cartilage degeneration

Antinociceptive and chondroprotective effects of prolonged β-caryophyllene treatment in the animal model of osteoarthritis: Focus on tolerance development

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34856202/