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Research Roundup: July 26, 2021



Best of the Week...


A new study from CV Sciences shows CBD reducing nicotine withdrawal symptoms in rats

Cannabidiol reduces withdrawal symptoms in nicotine-dependent rats

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33909102/


CV Sciences medical adviser Dr. Jamie Corroon publishes a primer for clinicians on using topical CBD for pain

Topical CBD for Pain: A primer for clinicians

https://www.naturalmedicinejournal.com/journal/2021-07/topical-cbd-pain


In a rat model of neuropathic pain, CBD helped on several different measures of pain & anxiety

Cannabidiol effectively reverses mechanical and thermal allodynia, hyperalgesia, and anxious behaviors in a neuropathic pain model: Possible role of CB1 and TRPV1 receptors

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34274349/


In a rodent model of depression, CBD prevented “both behavioral & neuro-immunological changes associated” with depression as well as modulating neuroinflammation

Cannabidiol prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness behavior and alters cytokine and neurotrophic factor levels in the brain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34218397/


In rats with nerve injuries, CBD helped with pain & symptoms of depression via the serotonin receptors & CB1 receptors

Cannabidiol in the prelimbic cortex modulates the comorbid condition between the chronic neuropathic pain and depression-like behaviour in rats: The role of medial prefrontal cortex 5-HT 1A and CB 1 receptors

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34192579/


In mice, CBD helped to reduce binge eating behavior

Cannabidiol reduces binge eating behavior in mice

https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/332343


In rats addicted to methamphetamine, CBD protected the brain from damage

Cannabidiol Modulates the Expression of Neurotrophin Signaling Pathway in Chronic Exposure Methamphetamine Rats During Abstinence Period

http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2009-en.html


In a mouse model of post-surgical pain, β-Caryophyllene (the terpene most often found in the hemp plant) inhibited the MAGL enzyme & thus increased 2-AG levels to help treat the pain

β-Caryophyllene inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase activity and increases 2-AG levels: a new mechanism of endocannabinoid-mediated analgesia?

https://www.authorea.com/doi/full/10.22541/au.162539258.80061327

β-Caryophyllene is often referred to as a dietary cannabinoid because it activates the CB2 receptor all by itself. It was the first ligand of a cannabinoid receptor to come from the plant that was fundamentally different from the classic cannabinoid structure.


Clinical Studies & Reviews of CBD & the Endocannabinoid System (ECS)

In humans, a test of CBD for pain found it safe & well-tolerated

The dose-dependent analgesic effects, abuse liability, safety and tolerability of oral cannabidiol in healthy humans

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34223660/


In humans with PTSD, the ability of exercise to help reduce threat expectancy is mediated via anandamide & BDNF (an important brain growth factor regulated by the ECS)

Exercise-induced increases in Anandamide and BDNF during extinction consolidation contribute to reduced threat following reinstatement: Preliminary evidence from a randomized controlled trial

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306453021002298


A review of why the cannabinoids can be helpful for the neurological consequences of HIV

Confound, Cause, or Cure: The Effect of Cannabinoids on HIV-Associated Neurological Sequelae

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34206839/


In humans with Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome (a rare genetic disorder leading to fatal adult scarring of the heart), treatment with MRI-1867 (a dual inhibitor of the CB1 receptor & enzyme that creates the signaling molecule nitric oxide) prevented heart scarring & revered dysfunction of the mitochondria (the powerhouse of the cell)

CB1R and iNOS are distinct players promoting pulmonary fibrosis in Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8255071/

Preclinical Research & Cannabinoid Chemistry

In mice, CBD helped to modulate the addictive effects of the psychostimulant MDPV

Cannabidiol Modulates the Motivational and Anxiety-Like Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) in Mice

https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202106.0642/v1


A new screening of THC & CBD against the CYP liver enzymes responsible for drug metabolism

Cannabinoid Interactions with Cytochrome P450 Drug Metabolism: a Full-Spectrum Characterization

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34181150/


In rats with depression from traumatic nerve pain, the injury seems to lower the levels of cannabinoids & lead to behavioral depression

Dynamic Change of Endocannabinoid Signaling in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Controls the Development of Depression after Neuropathic Pain

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34244365/


In rats, activating the CB2 receptor helped to protect against uterine damage

The Activation of Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor with JWH-133 Protects Uterine Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105141/


In a rat model of glaucoma, activating the cannabinoid receptors protected the neurons associated with vision

VSN16S, an agonist of the cannabinoid receptor, reduces IOP profiles and exhibits neuroprotective properties in a rat model of glaucoma

https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2775346


In a cellular model of diabetic retinopathy (damage to the blood vessels at the back of the eye), activating the CB2 receptor decreased inflammation

Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist HU-308 Demonstrates Therapeutic Potential in Inflammatory Diabetic Retinopathy Models

https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2776401


In mice, the brain’s medium spiny neurons – which contain the highest levels of CB1 receptors in the CNS – control exploration & motor coordination partially via the ECS

Control of exploration, motor coordination and amphetamine sensitization by cannabinoid CB 1 receptors expressed in medium spiny neurons

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34216157/


In a rat’s aorta, the drug affinin (a painkiller with a structure similar to anandamide) appears to act via the CB1, TRPV1 & TRPA1 receptors to cause vasodilation in the heart

Endothelial TRP channels and cannabinoid receptors are involved in affinin-induced vasodilation

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34237389/

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